Особливості вирощування Juglans regia L. в умовах Херсонської області

Abstract

Interest in the creation of nut trees in the south of Ukraine has increased significantly over the last decade. This is due to the economic attractiveness of products, high fruit prices, small storage costs, long-term storage, and so on. One of the most popular species of native trees is Juglans regia L. Due to favorable weather conditions and the beginning of fruiting of gardens laid in 2012-2013, the harvest of walnut in 2018 exceeded 134 thousand tons. One of the most popular species of nut trees is Juglans regia L. Due to favorable weather conditions and the beginning of fruiting of gardens laid in 2012-2013, the harvest of walnut in 2018 exceeded 134 thousand tons. However, there are a number of problems and risks for potential nut growers. Firstly, it is the lack of own mother-of-pearl gardens. Most nurseries have their own walnut orchards, and statistics on yields are often not reliable. Secondly, the lack of research that would be directed to industrial nutcracking. Secondly, the lack of research that would be directed to industrial nutcracking. Mass presence in the market of unsorted landing material. State control in Ukraine is virtually absent, so the issue of certification remains unresolved. Thirdly, the choice of varieties without agro-climatic zoning. To study the features of growing walnut in the Kherson region, experiments were carried out to determine the influence of light and location on the growth and development of seedlings, the effect of preventive treatment with fungicides on the quality of seedlings and the effect of mechanical treatment of soil on the growth and development of seedlings. As a result of the research carried out on the territory of the Kherson region, it was found that to create a nursery and a walnut garden, it is necessary to choose well-lit areas. Seeds are arranged relative to the field protecting strips so that shading from them is minimal, or to avoid it altogether. In newly created nut gardens, it is necessary to carry out obligatory preventive treatment of seeds and seedlings with fungicides to prevent the damage to their diseases and pests, which cells can be found in adjacent plantations. Regularly cultivate row spacing’s that saturate the soil with oxygen and reduce the evaporation of moisture from it, which improves the development of seedlings by 20%.