Аннотации:
The presented work deals with the analysis of the influence of the material composition of the filler and structural components of high-temperature boilers on their operational properties, safety, and service life. High-temperature boilers operate under conditions of extreme thermal and chemical stress, which lead to gradual material degradation, corrosion, and the formation of microcracks. The study compares the properties of traditional non-alloyed steels with modern alloyed heat-resistant steels and evaluates their resistance to thermal shocks, cyclic oxidation, and mechanical wear. The work includes microstructural analysis of sampled tubes, hardness measurements, and identification of the materials’ yield strength. The results demonstrate significant thermal effects on the material of the operated tubes, grain growth, and a decrease in hardness, indicating long-term overheating. Based on the performed analysis, optimized material solutions and operational measures are proposed to improve the reliability, energy efficiency, and service life of high-temperature boilers in industrial operation. In addition, the study highlights the importance of appropriate material selection and operating regimes in minimizing premature failures and unplanned shutdowns. The obtained findings provide practical recommendations for the design and modernization of high-temperature boiler systems operating under severe thermal conditions.
