Розглянуто доцільність розбавлення дніпровської води дренажно-скидними водами на 25% та використання їх у технології вирощування сільськогосподарських культур на заливних рисових полях або чеках, що сприятиме охороні навколишнього природного середовища рекреаційної зони Південного Степу України. Наведено дані щодо якості дніпровської, дренажно-скидних та змішаних вод. Встановлено залежність врожайності зеленої маси вирощуваної культури від якості поливної води. Досліджено врожайність зерна рису сортів різних груп стиглості залежно від кількості, якості поливної води та добрив.
Review the feasibility of the dilution of the Dnieper water drainage and waste by 25% and use in technology of cultivation of agricultural crops. The data quality of the Dnieper, drainage and mixed water. The results of the vegetation experiments showed the dependence of the yield of green mass of crops from irrigation water quality. The grain yield of rice varieties of different maturity classes are studied in dependence on fertilizers, ameliorants, the quantity and quality of irrigation water. Тhe aim was to issue the maximum re-use of drainage waters to minimize discharge of wasteful, resource-saving and environmental protection, in particular, of the Black and Azov seas.
In the laboratory studies, conducted with the purpose of hydrochemical monitoring and the quality assessment of the Dnieper, mixed (Dnipro – 75%+ drainage - 25%), drainage of irrigation waters revealed their significant difference. The main problem of drainage waters is low quality. As evidenced by the data obtained under mixed water diluted with Dnipro less aggressive in comparison with drainage and waste. Mixed and recorded in drainage waters of higher calcium compared to the Dnieper irrigated water, and other nutrients due to the leaching of soil dissolved fertilizers with irrigation water. According to the classification of academician A. M. Kostyakov Dnieper water is suitable (good) for irrigation. Mixed, and especially drainage water require ongoing monitoring with the consideration of the full range of their application. The interaction of irrigation water, mineral fertilizers and ameliorants provide high yields of rice grain. The reduction in yield when irrigation mixed with water for four years was not significant (4,9-5,1%).
