Abstract:
The article is devoted to the study of spatial patterns of the formation of drinking water quality within the Odesa urban system. The analysis was carried out taking into account the interaction of natural, anthropogenic and technogenic factors that affect the state of the water supply system, pump stations and water intake sources. It was found that the key factors of water quality deterioration are local sources of pollution, such as unauthorized discharges, deterioration of communications, proximity to sources of salt water, high level of urbanization, etc. The study focuses on the territorial differentiation of water quality, in particular the level of technical condition of water supply networks and hydrological features of the area. The aim of the article is to determine the quality of drinking water in water supply system and pump stations of the city of Odessa, as well as to model the spatial distribution of the main macrocomponents in water and its toxic pollution on the territory of the urban system of the city. For this purpose, the content of the main chemical elements in drinking water sampled at control points located throughout the city was determined. The samples were examined using portable testers with ion-selective electrodes. An experimental study was also conducted to determine the general toxicity of drinking water using the method of dividing water samples into toxicity classes based on the experiment with onion (Allium Cepa L.). The obtained data were interpreted using the ArcGIS program and spatial models of the patterns of formation of drinking water quality within the Odessa urban system were created. It was established that the content of the main macrocomponents in the drinking water of Odessa does not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) established by the Ukrainian (State Sanitary Norms and Rules 2.2.4-171-10) standard for the quality of surface water intended for drinking needs. It was established that the general toxicity of drinking water in the city is mainly of medium and high levels. The obtained data have applied value for the formation of strategies for sustainable water use, optimization of water supply systems and minimization of environmental risks for the population of Odessa.
