Traditions and new scientific strategies in the context of global transformation of society : Scientific

Abstract

Abstract. In the area of operation of large poultry farms, atmospheric air can be polluted by microorganisms, dust, bad organic compounds that are products of decomposition of organic waste, as well as oxides of nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon. The epizootic process in conditions of intensive poultry farming is distinguished by the fact that even weakly virulent and conditionally pathogenic microflora, as a result of recirculation and frequent changes of generations, can increase virulence properties and create a serious epizootic and epidemiological threat. The purpose of the work is to demonstrate greening of industrial poultry farms as one of the ways to reduce the negative impact on the natural environment. The presented material in the work: systematization of achievements in theory and practical application of green plantings to prevent environmental pollution using various options for improving the territories of poultry enterprises. The research methodology is based on general research methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, observation and abstraction, which systematize the achievements of the theory and practice of modeling systems of various nature in the natural sciences and, in particular, in animal husbandry and plant breeding. As a result of research and experiments, the expediency and effectiveness of using green plantings, which have a great deodorizing ability - retain and absorb gases, have been theoretically and practically substantiated. The positive effect of greenery on physiological indicators (thermoregulation, oxidation processes) and animal productivity has been practically established. The dustiness of the air under the trees is less than in the open area: in May by 20%, in June by 21.8%, in July by 34.1%, in August by 27.7% and in September by 38.7%. During the entire growing season, the average concentration of dust in the open area was 0.9 mg/m3 of air, and under trees - 0.52 mg/m3 of air, i.e. 42.2% less. The most gas-resistant trees and shrubs are: Pennsylvania maple, sycamore, Manchurian hazel, three-spined gorse, gooseberry (all species), common ivy, Cossack juniper, Canadian and Daur moonseed, large-leaved poplar, gray poplar, Canadian poplar, pomegranate, ailant the highest, white acacia, amorphous shrub, pinnate birch, common privet, white mulberry. By alternating plantations with open areas around the places of emission of harmful gases, it is possible to significantly increase the ventilation of the territory in the vertical direction. In a hot climate, green spaces provide protection from dry and dusty winds and at the same time contribute to airing the territory of the enterprise, cleaning its atmosphere from harmful pollutants. Value/originality. The effectiveness of the proposed method of preventing environmental pollution provides new opportunities for poultry enterprises in the preservation of ecosystems and sustainable development of territories. Measures for the protection of atmospheric air should be carried out on the basis of widely distributed research works devoted to the study of the quantitative concentration of pollutants entering the atmosphere and the distance of their spread.