Abstract:
The results of field studies conducted on drained lands in the humid zone of
Ukrainian Polissia during the period 2016–2024 have determined the technological
parameters of water management (groundwater levels and soil moisture in the
root zone) for growing high-yielding forage crops of paisa on peat and mineral
soils. Permissible terms have been established for the drainage system to ensure
the removal of excess water and timely reduction of groundwater levels to
recommended levels. It has been identified that modern climate changes in the
Polissia Ecozone of Ukraine manifest in uneven distribution of precipitation during
the growing season, anomalous fluctuations in average daily air temperature, and
minimal nighttime air temperatures (<10 °C) in the summer period, which impact
agricultural production, especially the cultivation of heat-loving crops. Under such
meteorological conditions, however, with optimal drainage regimes, the yield
of paisa, a heat-loving crop by biological characteristics, was the lowest in 2019
compared to the period of 2016–2018, regardless of fertilization variants. It has been
determined that in the conditions of climate change, characterized by exacerbated
drought phenomena in the Polissia Ecozone of Ukraine, it is necessary to anticipate
the accumulation of sufficient water volumes for irrigation of cultivated crops during
dry periods of the growing season and to maintain optimal water management
parameters on reclaimed lands by utilizing the water-retaining capacity of reclaimed
territories and available surface water resources located outside drainage systems.
Long-term trend analysis shows decreasing precipitation and rising air temperature,
indicating climate stress conditions
