Ерозія ґрунтів як загроза їх родючості

Abstract

In the modern conditions of the development of society, soil erosion is a serious global problem, which, on the one hand, reduces the efficiency of production and labor productivity in agriculture, and on the other hand, hinders sustainable development, as it negatively affects climate change, threatens food security, and leads to poverty people in rural areas. For Ukraine, this problem is also relevant, since a significant part of agricultural land is subject to erosion processes. In order to mitigate the negative impact of soil erosion in Ukraine, the idea of achieving a neutral level of land degradation is supported, the main task of which is to preserve the natural capital of land resources and land-related ecosystem services. Uncontrolled and intensive development of erosion processes increases the risk of soil surface degradation and desertification of agricultural landscapes. Climate change increases the frequency of extreme rains, which reduce the erosion resistance of agricultural landscapes, especially agrosystems with row crops. To ensure reliable soil protection against increased erosion, a system of organizational and economic, agrotechnical and forestry measures is proposed.