Особливості вирощування хурми гібрідної в комбінованих садах на Півдні України

Abstract

У статті представлено дослідження і розрахунок економічної доцільності та ефективності закладки комбінованого саду хурми і малини, а також процесів росту і розвитку, адаптаційної і репродуктивної здатності, успішності інтродукції, біоекологічних особливостей, перспектив культивування хурми в умовах Півдня України.

The article presents the results of research and calculation of economic feasibility and efficiency of laying a combined persimmon and raspberry garden, growth and development processes, adaptive and reproductive capacity, success of introduction, bioecological features, prospects for persimmon cultivation in the South of Ukraine. According to the results of the study, the conditions for intensive hybrid persimmon cultivation were determined: warm, open, gentle slopes; placement of rows from north to south to get the maximum amount of light, properly selected pollinators and varieties; groundwater level – not less than 2–2.5 m; irrigation; the duration of the frost-free period must be at least 160 days. The main risks during cultivation: a) Climatic conditions – the risk of freezing. In general, the risk of freezing of persimmon hybrid can be divided into 2 aspects: incorrectly selected varieties for our soil and climatic conditions; badly chosen climatic zone for garden bookmarking. b) Natural pests. c) Natural diseases. Given the agro-climatic and resource potential of Ukraine, the export-oriented direction, in addition to "traditional" exported products, can include the production and sale of competitive types of fruits and berries, whose consumption in the world is constantly growing, and analysts predict this trend will continue. The conducted researches are only initial in the study of minor fruit crops in the south of Ukraine and the conditions of their laying in combined gardens. The assessment of drought resistance and flowering dates of persimmon varieties introduced at the Kherson State Agrarian and Economic University indicates a significant level of adaptive potential and prospects for the introduction of these varieties in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine.