RESEARCH ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF THE VARIETAL COMPOSITION OF WINTER WHEAT UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTHERN STEPPE OF UKRAINE

Abstract

The introduction of new winter wheat varieties into production is a way to increase prof- itability of cultivation. Winter wheat is the main food crop in our country. The productivity and profitability of winter wheat production mainly determines the level of welfare of agricul- tural commodity producers. Unfortunately, the average productivity of this crop in Ukraine is two and a half times lower than that of the countries of Western Europe. This situation is caused by many factors, one of which is the use of seeds of low generations for sowing and obsolete varieties that do not meet modern requirements of highly intensive agriculture. Flexibility in the crop varietal structure has positive results. The crop varietal composition is formed for the following year on the basis of registered and promising varieties and hybrids, but only a part of them can be used on each individual farm. One of the main areas of selec- tion of high-yielding varieties of wheat is to reduce the height of the stem. This is due not only to the need to increase the resistance of plants to lodging, but also the tendency to increase grain yields due to straw yields