Обгрунтування рибогосподарського використання малих водосховищ Миколаївської області

Abstract

The article presents an analysis of the ecological condition and substantiates the fishery use of two small reservoirs in the Mykolayiv region. Small reservoirs of the South of Ukraine are a powerful base for the development of aquaculture in the complex of its purpose. The parameters of their fishery use are significantly determined by environmental conditions, which are formed under the influence of soil and climatic conditions and the nature of use for the main purpose – water supply of agriculture. All this requires research of physical and chemical conditions and production characteristics of individual elements of the complex of aquatic organisms of specific reservoirs. In this regard, research was conducted and technological measures for fishery use of Katerynivsky and Yavkinsky reservoirs in the Mykolayiv region in the South of Ukraine were determined. Reservoir areas are 105.16 and 50 ha, and average depths are 1.7 and 3.3 m, respectively. Studies of hydrochemical parameters of reservoirs have shown the proximity of the ionic composition of waters, and the indicators are in accordance with departmental standards for warm-water fisheries. The total biomass of phytoplankton in the Yavkinsky reservoir was about 14, in Katerynivsky – 13 g/m3. Biomass of zooplankton in the Yavkinsky reservoir was about 3.7, and in Katerynivsky – 6.57 g/m3. The biomass of zoobenthos in the Yavkinsky Reservoir was about 5.5, in Katerynivsky – 4 g/m2. Macrophytes of the Yavkinsky Reservoir were about 45, in Katerynivsky – 85 g/m2 on average in the water area, taking into account the overgrowth area. The available composition of fodder resources of reservoirs allowed to determine the structure of promising polyculture of fish in the composition of White silver carp as a consumer of phytoplankton, variegated silver carp - zooplankton, carp - zoobenthos and grass carp - macrophytes. There is an advantage of the Yavkinsky reservoir in terms of production indicators for phytoplankton and Katerynivsky - for zooplankton. This picture causes a difference in the composition of the field of culture at close values of the expected total fish production. Thus, for Yavkinsky it is defined as 122, for Katerynivsky – 115 kg/ha. Production characteristics and expected indicators of industrial fish products allow determining the conduct of fisheries on their basis is quite appropriate and justified.