Abstract:
The process of diverse, but rather specific human pressure on natural hydroecocenoses over the years shows a steady tendency to increase. At the same time, the needs of the freshwater society have been increasing, prompting humanity to address this problem by regulating runoff of river systems and creating reservoirs of various types and purpose. This action did not increase the total fresh water supply, but redistributed it in space and time, allowing water users to get rid of the flood timing and volume and to have adequate water supplies throughout the year, using it gradually as needed.
This global process has not passed the Dnieper and today its system has become a cascade of large flat reservoirs, which were formed as a result of the construction of HPP dams. Such human intervention led to a change in the hydrological regime of the river system, which in turn adversely affected the chemistry of water, flora and fauna, without leaving aside both the ichthyofauna and the parasitofauna of the waters. The situation is further exacerbated by the fact that the agrarian and industrial complexes remove significant volumes of drinking water from circulation and in return discharge into the river system untreated or insufficiently purified water, which has in its composition a list of components that are not typical for the hydro-ecosystem, affects the hydrobiocenoses, ichthyopathological situation. In these circumstances, it is advisable to consider the current state of functioning of the hydro-ecosystem of the Dnieper-Bug estuary as a model of natural processes and phenomena that occur in conditions of river runoff transformation, which was accompanied by direct and indirect influence of environmental factors on the background of pronounced anthropogenic influence.
