Спосіб анастезії африканського сома

Abstract

Clarias gariepinus is a new object of aquaculture of Ukraine. When reproducing this species, exclusively factory methods are used, involving the immobilization of male and female fish, or anesthesia. Traditional methods of anesthesia are difficult to apply both in the reproduction of catfish and in its slaughter, given its anatomy and physiology. In our work, the possibility of the use of cold water as an immobilization and an anesthetic agent in the factory reproducing of a catfish was investigated. In the performance of research we were also considered the amazing possibilities of ice water as a procedure before slaughter catfish, provided by European regulations for the protection of animals in the slaughter. The research were conducted under the experimental RAS in the Department of Hydrobiology of the China-Ukrainian Scientific Research Institute of Sciences of Life (Zhuji, PRC), and were partly extended at the Kherson state Agrarian and Economic University. During the experimental works, the catfishes of three-year-olds were used, which for the purpose of immobilization were withstood in baths with chilled water at different expositions. During the work, the reaction of fish on the withstand in chilled to +1- +2 °C water was investigated. There were withstand of expositions - 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes. In males and females of catfish, during the capture, transportation, adaptation and conduct of experiments, the blood sugar content was determined as an indicator of possible stress. The use of chilled water caused an effect after 5 minutes. The optimal duration was keeping males and females of catfish in ice water for 10 minutes. Within 8-10 minutes, all fish without exception had a loss of orientation and a sharp slowdown in movements. This allows you to carry out technological operations with them. In this case, the physiological state of fish does not change significantly. Fish quickly get out of a stressful situation when they return to the optimum water temperature. An increase in the time of keeping male and female catfish in chilled water up to 15-20 minutes, in our opinion, is inappropriate in practical fish farming. Exposure for 15 minutes caused a state of immobilization, but led to an increase in blood glucose and the death of several fish. Exposure for 20 minutes caused complete anesthesia with no respiratory movements and led to a sharp increase in blood glucose. This indicates the onset of deep stress. As a result, keeping the fish in cold water for 20 minutes caused the death of all males and females. Exposure of about 20 minutes or more can be used when slaughtering catfish