НЕОБХІДНІСТЬ ДОСЯГНЕННЯ УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ СИСТЕМИ УДОБРЕННЯ СТОКОЛОСУ БЕЗОСТОГО ДЛЯ ОТРИМАННЯ НАЙКРАЩИХ ВРОЖАЇВ

Abstract

Perennial grasses are of great importance in the creation of cultivated hayfields and pastures with long life. The creation of such high-yielding sowing lands is constrained by a shortage of seeds, especially in the case of perennial grasses. The development of appropriate measures will significantly increase the production of high quality seed and eliminate its current shortage for field and meadow forage production. The introduction of phosphorus fertilizers into the soil causes a lack of zinc for plants and the use of otassium fertilizers - magnesium. The availability of chroelements for plants is also affected by the reaction of the soil solution. Thus, I. Anspok found that the efficiency of molybdenum increases with increasing acidity, and the efficiency of copper with decreasing acidity. In order to achieve high seed productivity on gray forest soils, for the sowing of bromus inermis, it is necessary to apply nitrogen fertilizers in the range of 90–110 kg/ha, in ombination with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. However, such amount of nitrogen fertilizers, used in one application, as a rule, is not fully absorbed by the bromus inermis plants. In this regard, there is a need to develop a system of fertilizers of bromus inermis, which on the one hand helps to reduce the cost of fertilizers and on the other allows to obtain seed harvest at the level of potential abilities of the plant. The most effective system of fertilization of bromus inermis is the combination of the use of mineral fertilizers N60P45K45 with the introduction of Master water-soluble fertilizer in the shrub phase and the spica phase at a dose of 5 kg/ha, which ensured t during 2011–2014 he average harvest of Mars and Vseslav seeds of 355 kg/ha and 370 kg/ha respectively, which is 55 kg and 60 kg more compared to the use of mineral fertilizers and 225 kg/ha and 245 kg/ha more than the control without fertilizers.