Рrotection of winter wheat from harmful organisms in crop rotation on irrigation of the south of Ukraine.

Abstract

The use of chemical and biological protection had a varying effect on seed yield of the test crop. Here, we got an average of 3.27 t / ha of winter wheat seeds by factor B under traditional fungicidal protection. The application of Gaupsin allowed increasing this indicator by 6.7%, while the combined use of biopreparations Trichodermin and Gaupsin helped to form the maximum seed yield of (3.65 t/ha), which is 6.7-11.6% more than in other variants studied. The application of microelements resulted in an increase in seed productivity of the studied crop from 3.08 t/ha in the control to 3.35-3.82 t/ha on the plots treated with Riverm, Nanovit Micro and Avatar. So, the use of these preparations contributed to a significant increase in seed yield - by 8.7-24.1%. Avatar had an advantage over other micronutrients under study: it allowed obtaining 7.3-14.2% more seeds than under the application of Riverm and Nanovit Micro. Calculations testify that microfertilizers (factor C) had the greatest impact on the seed yield of the investigated crop (58.2%). Varietal composition (factor A) was the second (20.0%). Chemical and biological means of plant protection (factor B) also significantly influenced the productivity of plants (16.1%). The interaction of the factors was low, which could be explained by different reactions of plants to the investigated plant protection agents and microfertilizers; the residual effect of unrecognized factors, mainly weather conditions and differences in cultivation technology elements, was 3.6%.