Abstract:
The impact of global and local forces on the change in pricing policy in the food market depends on the production of agricultural crops in major producing regions that have a direct access to the world market. The latest predictions show that in the period until 2050 there will be a need to increase agricultural production by 60% worldwide, in order to meet the increasing demand from a growing population. The countries of the former Soviet Union - Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine in particular, have the greatest potential to increase food supply and food security in the world. Therefore, a study of the historical development of the agricultural sector, the current state of agricultural policy and assessment of the export potential of the countries of the former Soviet Union is very important. The paper examines the main geographical patterns of change in land productivity over the past 100 years of the development of agriculture in the south of Ukraine. It determines the spatial and temporal trends of changes in the conditions of the climate system and their impact on the dynamics of bio-productivity in the last century. The paper also considers historical and contemporary global trends in the formation of the grain market, and identifies the role and place of Ukraine in it.
