Abstract:
Ukraine has faced with the huge migration crisis in Europe after the
Second World War. The problems of internally displaced people have the economical,
psychological and legal character. An effective employment mechanism should help
Ukraine avoid a demographic catastrophe and facilitate effective recovery after its
victory.
The purpose of the work was to study the legal framework for the employment
of internally displaced people, identify problems and develop proposals aimed at
improving the legal mechanism.
The work reviewed the legislative framework regulating the labour relations
of internally displaced people during the period of martial law, and the existing
developments in the field of labour relations and employment of IDPs since 2014.
The results of the study also showed that problems with the employment of
immigrants have economic and psychological problems.We propose to employ IDPs considering the perspectives of their returning.
The organization of employment should be entrusted to the military administrations
of the territorial communities from which they came. In order to organize a job
search and retraining, displaced people are not necessarily obliged to have the status
of unemployed. The state should compensate the costs and provide preferential loans
and loans for the retraining and accommodation of IDPs.
The analysis of the author’s observations, interviews and appeals by IDPs for
legal advice in social networks helped to identify common problems during the
wartime period, such as a decrease in the level of wages and the number of
vacancies. The specific problems of IDPs that we were able to identify are the lack
of qualifications needed by migrants in the local labour market, lower wages in
regions receiving migrants than those from which they moved, expensive
accommodation in territorial communities where labour markets are wider. The
psychological reason for reluctance to look for work is the desire and expectation of
returning home.
