Yield of soybeans depending on predecessors and fertilization systems in the conditions of the northern steppe of Ukraine

Abstract

A rational fertilization system provides optimal nutrition for agricultural crops throughout the vegetation period with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compounds. The most effective fertilization system in crop rotations is the organic-mineral system. Application rates of mineral fertilizers on the background of manure are regulated based on the level of soil nutrient supply, which helps reduce fertilizer costs per unit of yield and their non-productive use. However, increasing the productivity of agricultural crops and stabilizing soil fertility is impossible without using fertilizers. Thus, selecting the best predecessors and fertilization systems for soybeans involves, on one hand, the correct selection of predecessors favorable for crop cultivation, and on the other hand, an optimal fertilization system to ensure high productivity and quality indicators. the highest level of soybean yield for the Medea variety in our research was obtained under the organic-mineral fertilization system – 2.61 t/ha, with slightly lower yields under the mineral fertilization system – 2.41 t/ha after winter wheat as a predecessor. Repeated sowings of soybeans had yields at the level of 2.27 t/ha and 2.14 t/ha, respectively. Growing soybeans after buckwheat and corn for grain did not show a significant difference in yield, except for the use of the mineral fertilization system after corn, which resulted in a significant decrease in soybean yield.