Trials of potato varieties of different maturity groups in the conditions of the northern steppe of Ukraine

Abstract

The increase in crop productivity of crops in global agricultural practice is ensured not only through innovative methods and techniques of agrotechnology, but also through the introduction of new, high-yielding varieties and hybrids. Today, it is extremely difficult for producers to navigate the vast variety of domestic and foreign selection of varieties and hybrids, the seeds and planting material of which are actively offered on the agricultural market. Therefore, testing potato varieties of different ripening groups in specific growing conditions for their further implementation in production is a relevant issue Our research has shown that the weather conditions during the years of the study had the greatest impact on the yield of potato varieties. The mid-maturing variety Myroslava was the most productive over the two years of the study, with a yield of 21.4 t/ha, and in 2022 it had the highest yield at 26.5 t/ha. Among the mid-early varieties, the highest yield was in the Aria variety, with 20.4 t/ha, and in the dry 2023, this indicator was the highest at 17.2 t/ha. The early-maturing variety Riviera had the highest yield among the varieties in this group at 18.1 t/ha. Early-maturing varieties were more resistant to adverse growing conditions. In the dry 2023, their yield decreased by 5.8 t/ha, while the mid-early maturing varieties formed 10.0 t/ha fewer tubers than in favorable conditions in 2022. The yield of mid-early maturing varieties decreased by 6.6 t/ha, but under optimal conditions, they formed the largest tuber yield.