Abstract:
At the current stage, one of the consequences of deterioration of ecological
situation in hydroecosystems of natural and artificial origin is growing anthropogenic
load, in particular, qualitative and quantitative changes in the ecological state of these
ecosystems, impoverishment of their species composition, and decrease in biological
productivity.
The issue of conservation and rational use of water resources is becoming
particularly acute for Ukraine and other countries of the world that have chosen a path
of sustainable development. Provision of proper ecological state of the water resource
potential is relevant for all regions of the country, where water management and
hydroecological issues are deepened by a natural shortage of water resources and their
uneven distribution.
Pursuant to the hygienic classification of water bodies according to their degree
of pollution, the most river basins can be classified as polluted and highly polluted,
which do not meet the requirements of sanitary legislation for sources of drinking
water. Control over the water quality of surface reservoirs shows that their ecological
state is practically not improving. Improper agricultural practices, municipal, industrial
and agricultural pollution of water bodies against the background of negative climate
changes cause a disappearance of thousands of small rivers from the map of Ukraine, as
well as loss of water content of the main water arteries of Ukraine and the degradation
and destruction of water and surrounding water ecosystems. The quality of underground
water also does not always meet the regulatory requirements of the State Sanitary
Standards and Rules.
The issue of rational water use, conservation and protection of water resources
shall fall within a direct competence of local self-government bodies, publicity, who
has a reliable objective information, which should be a basis for building-up a water
management, concurrently with solution of issues of conservation and protection of
water resources, as well as implementation of measures to explain the importance of
water resources to students, youth and local population.
