Abstract:
ffective state and transboundary management in the field of use, protection and reproduction of land and water
resources will be facilitated by the transition from the administrative-territorial to the administrative-basin system of
land and water resources management, according this system, the main unit of management and development of
environmental protection measures will be the basin of the water body. Studying the flows of matter, energy and
information inside the basin allows modeling the anthropogenic impact on natural complexes in general and on its
individual components as a result of nature use, predicting the results and adjusting agricultural activity. It is presented
the method of determining the internal geomorphological structure of the catchment area and creating an ecological
frame of the river basin using GIS technologies. Existing approaches and their advantages in studying the state and
modeling processes of basin territorial structures are described. It is proposed a conceptual model of ecologically
rational exploitation of the catchment area, which includes: creating an ecological frame of the river basin based on
the identification of the internal geomorphological structure of the catchment area; the development and stuffing of the
geoinformation and analytical system of the river basin, including the assessment and forecast of the ecological
situation and the determination of the most agrogenically transformed sub-basins of different orders; the development
of the project of the basin organization of nature use, including the ecological and resource characteristics of the
current state of the territory of sub-basins of different orders and the evaluation of the effectiveness of the
implementation of the project. It was developed the algorithm for assessing the state of the catchment area, also was
made the project of the basin organization of nature use applying GIS and remote sensing technologies. It is proposed
the creation of mechanism and justified the prospects for the introduction of a geoinformation and analytical system for
the support of basin nature use principles, which foresees the systematization of multi-level and sectorial information of
monitoring observations with a purpose to create of soil and water protection measures.
