Обгрунтування рибосівозміни для умов ставів Миколаївської області.

Abstract

Modern management conditions encourage the search for combined forms of management, among which there are undeniable prospects for alternating the cultivation of fish and crop products in one area – aquacultural rotation. Aquacultural rotation is a method in which fish is grown in one place for one year, then water is technologically discharged, fish is caught, the reservoir is dried, and the next year, economically valuable plants are grown in this place. The project was carried out in contract-based research of Kherson State Agrarian University on the basis of “Stroykrok” LLC. The experimental farm is located in the Nikolaev region, it represents a system of four ponds of ravine type. Rearing ponds: B-1 – 16,49 ha, B-2 – 7,15 ha, B-3 – 6.96 ha. Wintering ponds: C-1 – 1,44 ha. Water supply of ponds is carried out from the Ingulets irrigation system. Water quality fully meets the requirements for water of warm-water fish farmig and does not harm the normal growth and development of plants. In fact, natural fish production (catch) is possible under the condition of introduction of pasture aquaculture, it will be 215,6 kg/ha for silver carp, 23,33 kg/ha for spotted silver carp, 6,0 kg/ha for carp, 4,8 kg/ha for grass carp, total – 249,73 kg/ha, which in terms of the total area of reservoirs (32,04 hectares) will be equal to about 8000 kg. In terms of growing crops in individual ponds, a three-year rotation is proposed in the composition of: sunflower, winter wheat, winter peas, spring barley, mustard, alfalfa. At the end of the rotation of the proposed crop rotation, where each pond has its own separate crop rotation, the farm will have valuable fodder crops (peas, winter wheat and sunflower meal) and the improvement of the fodder base of fish farming next year. This recommendation for the choice of agricultural crops and their rotation in the proposed crop rotations is not final due to unstable weather conditions at the time of sowing crops. Further research should be aimed at monitoring the condition of the feed base and fish-farming use of reservoirs in order to optimize them.