Preservation of soil fertility as basis for improving the efficiency of management in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine scientific development and achievements

Abstract

Successful work of the farmer consists primarily in obtaining sustainable productivity of crops and preserving soil fertility – the most important and unique natural resource and the main means of production and the basis of life of all living things on Earth. It is the fertility of the soil and the conditions of management that determine not only the amount of the grown crop, but also the indicators of its quality, the state of the ecological environment. At the same time, in modern conditions of the agricultural sector of Ukraine, there is an urgent need to restore natural ecosystems, maintaining their biological balance at a level that will guarantee the stability of the environment, protection of land from degradation, erosion and loss of fertility. The area of agricultural lands of Ukraine is one of the largest among the countries of Europe, and their qualitative composition and biological productivity are the richest in the world. We believe that in Ukraine is fertile soils dominate, but unfortunately, recently we have seen their depletion, deterioration of basic properties, loss of productive capacity. These negative changes are mentioned by the researchers of Ukraine. After all, as academician of RAN H.V. Dobrovolskyi noted, the processes of destruction and degradation of the ground cover are non-renewable and determine the development of the ecological situation, which the scientist called a quiet crisis of the planet. Among the problems in the agricultural sector the most important one is to ensure sustainable agriculture, increase its productivity by raising soil fertility and the ability to form a guaranteed crop yield with high quality.