The Use of the Growth-Regulating Substances in the Agrocenosis of Sunflower as the Factor of Ecologization in Plant Growing Technolog

Abstract

The system optimization problem of the sunflower mineral nutrition is important in determining the theoretical foundations of fertilizers and combined action substances. Foliar feeding is the most effective for soils with the high level of fertility, which is achieved with the introduction of intensive technologies in plant cultivation. As a limiting factor for crop yields increase can be one of macro- or microelements. This paper presents the results of analysis of environmental and economic efficiency of sunflower foliar feeding with the new multi-functional substance Helafit-Kombi® in agro-climatic conditions of the Southern steppe of Ukraine, using the research areas in Mykolaiv region as an example. The research has established that the application of the substance Helafit-Kombi® two times as a foliar feeding during the sunflower growing stage allows to prolong photosynthetic activity of plants for 5 – 10 days, to reduce the seed emptiness up to 10% and to increase the mass of seeds in one inflorescence up to 15%, leading to the stable growth of sunflower crop yield. The anti-stress effect of the substance substantially eliminates the adverse action of abiotic environmental factors and accelerates the process of plants coping with stress, which in turn affects the increase in productivity of oilseeds in 0.27 t/ha, reduces the negative impact on the ecological agrochemical state of soils and provides an ecologically-safe crop production.