Balancing Water-Energy-Food Security in the Era of Environmental Change

Abstract

The work deals with the issues of development and analysis of technological scenarios (TS) for the utilization of communal waste: sewage sludge (SS) and fallen leaves (FL) by making composite biofuel (CBF) from them. The influence of physical characteristics of SS and FL, grinding of FL, SS heat treatment, composition of SS and OL mixtures, and pressing pressure on the quality of pellets (PL) CBF was determined experimentally. The chapter determined the amount of ash after incineration of PLs samples with SS, PL, CBF, and their heat of combustion. The two TC produced by CBF for the thermal utilization of SS and FL is proposed. According to TS1, CBF is obtained from SS and FL, and the obtained PLs is dried at the end of the process. TS2 production of CBF is more complicated, but its advantage is the possibility of producing biofuel only from SS in the absence of FL. The choice of the TS variant will depend on provision of the necessary technical, economic, and environmental indicators during the implementation of the TS in the conditions of a particular city.